Ajax Wyatt Furnace: Working, Advantages, and MCQs for SSC JE Electrical Exam

Ajax Wyatt Furnace, also known as the Vertical Core Type Induction Furnace, is an important topic in electrical engineering and often appears in exams like SSC JE Electrical, RRB JE, and other competitive exams. This article provides a clear explanation of the furnace, its working principle, construction, applications, and includes important MCQs with answers.

What is Ajax Wyatt Furnace?

The Ajax Wyatt Furnace is a type of core-type induction furnace primarily used for melting non-ferrous metals such as brass, copper, and zinc. It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction for heating and is known for its high efficiency and continuous operation.

Working Principle

The furnace works on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where alternating current (AC) in the primary winding induces a current in the secondary path — a closed loop of molten metal. The induced current in the metal generates heat due to its resistance, which melts the charge inside the furnace.

Construction of Ajax Wyatt Furnace

  • Core: Made of laminated steel to minimize eddy current losses.
  • Primary Winding: Placed around the central limb of the core, connected to an AC power source.
  • Secondary Circuit: Formed by the molten metal in a V-shaped channel at the bottom of the furnace.
  • Crucible: Lined with refractory material suitable for high-temperature applications.
  • Tilting Mechanism: Hydraulic or mechanical system used to pour the molten metal after melting
  • The unique V-shaped channel ensures that molten metal always stays in the furnace, maintaining continuity of the secondary circuit.

✅ Advantages of Ajax Wyatt Furnace

  • High Efficiency: Around 75% efficiency makes it ideal for industrial applications.
  • Better Power Factor: Operates with a power factor between 0.8 to 0.85.
  • Uniform Heating: Induced currents ensure even temperature distribution and uniform melting.
  • Continuous Operation: Suitable for ongoing production processes in foundries.
  • Cleaner Operation: No combustion involved, hence less pollution.

🏭 Applications

  • Melting and refining of non-ferrous metals like copper, brass, and zinc.
  • Used in metallurgical industries for clean and efficient melting.
  • Suitable for continuous casting and alloy production.

MCQs on Ajax Wyatt Furnace (SSC JE Electrical)

  1. What is the working principle of Ajax Wyatt Furnace?
    A) Resistance heating
    B) Electromagnetic induction
    C) Arc heating
    D) Conduction heating
    ✅ Answer: B) Electromagnetic induction

  2. What acts as the secondary in Ajax Wyatt Furnace?
    A) Steel core
    B) Primary coil
    C) Closed loop of molten metal
    D) Refractory lining
    ✅ Answer: C) Closed loop of molten metal

  3. Which of the following metals is generally NOT melted in Ajax Wyatt Furnace?
    A) Brass
    B) Zinc
    C) Copper
    D) Iron
    ✅ Answer: D) Iron

  4. What is the typical efficiency of an Ajax Wyatt Furnace?
    A) 60%
    B) 75%
    C) 90%
    D) 50%
    ✅ Answer: B) 75%

  5. What is the purpose of the V-shaped channel in Ajax Wyatt Furnace?
    A) Reduce furnace size
    B) Allow easy pouring of metal
    C) Maintain molten metal loop for induction
    D) Increase melting speed
    ✅ Answer: C) Maintain molten metal loop for induction

Conclusion:
The Ajax Wyatt Furnace is an efficient and widely used induction furnace in electrical and metallurgical industries. Its working principle and construction are not only relevant for industrial use but are also crucial from the SSC JE Electrical exam point of view. 

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